The Alphanumeric Revolution
Introduced in 1979, the HP-41 system changed portable computing forever. It wasn't just a calculator; it was the first handheld computer.
1979: The HP-41C
The first model in the series. It was revolutionary for being the first calculator with an alphanumeric display, allowing for meaningful error messages and prompts.
- Standard memory: 63 registers (441 bytes)
- First use of the expansion port system (4 slots)
- Introduced the "Nut" processor
1980: The HP-41CV
Responding to the need for more memory, the "V" (Roman numeral for 5) offered five times the memory of the C, filling the addressable space completely.
- Standard memory: 319 registers (2,233 bytes)
- Removed the need for external memory modules
1983: The HP-41CX
The ultimate evolution of the series and the inspiration for this emulator. The CX included all the features of the CV plus built-in Time and Extended Functions.
- Built-in Time Module (Stopwatch, Alarm, Clock)
- Extended Functions & Extended Memory built-in
- Text Editor functions
- The most capable stock version ever produced
Legacy in Space
Space Shuttle Standard
The HP-41C flew on nine early Space Shuttle missions. It was used to calculate the center of gravity and reference orbit acquisition data. In an emergency, it could even replace the main onboard computer for re-entry calculations.
Custom Hardware
NASA used the HP-41 with Velcro strips attached to the back to secure it in zero gravity. It was so essential that crew members often carried their own personal units as backups.
The Expansion System
The four ports at the top of the calculator allowed for unlimited potential. From bar code readers and magnetic card readers to thermal printers and the HP-IL interface loop that connected the 41 to floppies, tapes, and video interfaces.